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Human chromosomes
The structures in cells that contain the cellular DNA, which contain the linear array
of genes. In eukaryotes, the DNA is divided into chromosomes which "condense"
into the familiar X-shaped structures at mitosis. Each chromosome has a characteristic
length and banding pattern, which is the basis of karyotyping. Different species contain
different numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Prokaryotes contain
one chromosome, which is circular. |